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Background: Chronic kidney disease is becoming epidemic oftwenty-first century. With increasing burden of diabetes and hypertension, chronic kidney disease is becoming rampant in our country. Adverse outcome of CKD includes kidney failure, complications due to decreased kidney function and cardiovascular disease etc. Increasing morbidity and mortality of coronary artery disease in CKD patients make it necessary to develop further researches in these population. Aim and objectives of current study were to demonstrate the correlation of anemia with left ventricular hypertrophy in a cohort of CKD patients in a tertiary care centre.Methods: This study was done over one year on 100 patients of CKD (stage III to V), aged 15-80 years, who had elevated serum creatinine and reduced glomerular filtration rate, haemoglobin <11gm/dl withultrasonographic evidence of renal parenchymal disease grade >2. The patients were assessed based on clinical history and a number of laboratory parameters including blood urea, serum creatinine, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, serum electrolytes, iPTH level, Hb, Hct, glomerular filtration rate and left ventricular mass index.Results: There is a significant relationship between of anemia and left ventricular hypertrophy among chronic kidney disease patients. In our study, it was observed that left ventricle mass (left ventricular mass index) increases with increasing severity of anemia.Conclusions: Anemia is widely prevalent in our CKD patients. Severity of anemiais correlated to left ventricular hypertrophy in these patients. Hence correction of anemia early in these group of patients can halt or prevent cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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Background: Alcoholic cirrhosis has worse prognosis than primary billiary cirrhosis and cirrhosis due to hepatitis. The risk of death due to all cause is increased 12-fold with cirrhosis. Alcoholic liver cirrhosis develops between 10-20% of individuals who drink heavily for a decade or more. Chronic hepatitis B is probably the most common cause of cirrhosis worldwide. The aim and objective of thisstudy was tocompare the prevalence of hypothyroidism between cirrhotic patients andnormal healthy individuals.Methods: The present study constitutes of 50 patients with cirrhosis of liver who met our inclusion criteria. They were selected from the patients admitted in medical wards and gastroenterology ward of RNT medical college, Udaipur.Results: Majority of patients were of serum albumin level class III about 67%. Increased TSH level as compare to level of serum albumin in cirrhotic patients. When serum albumin level decreases then percent of TSH level increases. Majority of patientswere from serum bilirubin class III (71%). Majority were from serum bilirubin class III about 70%. Conclusions: All cirrhotic patients should undergo for evaluation of endocrinological evaluation as these patients are associated with development of hypothyroidism. After diagnosis the treatment of endocrinological disorder especially hypothyroidism may increase survival.
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Introduction: Myocardial infarction is the main cause of deathin Western countries, with in hospital mortality of 6-13%. Acidbase and electrolyte status in AMI patients at the time ofadmission that can be help in risk stratification and it can helpfor further planning of management strategy for managementof patient with AMI.Aim of Study: To Study of Acid base and electrolytedisturbances in patients of acute myocardial infarction andrelation of Hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia with ventricularArrhythmias in AMI.Materials and Methods: This Observational study wasconducted in the department of Medicine at R.N.T. MedicalCollege and Govt. MB Hospital, Udaipur. Study subjects were50 patients of acute ST segment elevated Myocardial Infarctionpresenting within 24 hrs of onset of chest pain. We estimatedtheir acid base status, serum sodium, serum potassium, serummagnesium.Results: The definite correlation was found between metabolicacidosis and mortality (p=0.03). There was also increasedmortality in patients with hyponatremia, but p value was notstatistically significant (p=0.15). In our study definite correlationfound between hypokalemia and ventricular arrhythmias andalso between hypomagnesemia and ventricular arrhythmiasthere was increased tendency towards developing ventriculararrhythmias in patients with hypokalemia andhypomagnesemias. There was no correlation found betweenhypernatremia and mortality and between increased potassiumlevel and ventricular Arrhythmias in our study